According to St. Thomas, animals perceive objects in terms of goal-directed interactions. Repeated interactions give riseto consuetudo, a habit of sense memory that enables one to act skillfully. The interactive component of perception enables animals and humans to communicate. In humans, these perceptions are instrumental to the formation of concepts pertaining to life in society as well as to the understanding of human nature. But perception is able to perform this role only because it has been elevated by rational appetite. (...) This elevation occurs in the context of practical reasoning, through which a kind of sortal awareness called “experience” is generated. Experience serves as the basis not only for our formation of concepts of things pertaining to life in society and human nature, but of other entities as well. In this way, the perceptual awareness of objects in terms of goal-directed interactions serves as the basis for the formation of all concepts. (shrink)